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:''For others with this name, see Arrianus (disambiguation).'' Arrian of Nicomedia (;〔 〕 ; (ラテン語:Lucius Flavius Arrianus); Greek ) was born in Greece, and a historian, public servant, military commander and philosopher of the Roman period.〔 The ''Anabasis of Alexander'' by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great. ==Arrian's life== Arrian was born in Nicomedia (present-day Izmit), the provincial capital of Bithynia, Dio called him Flavius Arrianus Nicomediansis. In respect to his birth date, sources provide similar dates for his birth; within a few years prior to 90, 89, and 85 - 90 AD. The line of reasoning for dates belonging to 85-90 AD is from the fact of Arrian being made a consul around 130 AD, and the usual age for this, during this period, being forty-two years of age. (ref. p.312, & SYME 1958, ''same page'').His family was from the provincial aristocracy of Greek stock, and his full name, ''L. Flavius Arrianus'', indicates that he was a Roman citizen, suggesting that the citizenship went back several generations, probably to the time of the Roman conquest some 170 years before.〔〔FP Polo (Professor of Ancient History at the Departamento Ciencias Antigüedad at the Universidad de Zaragoza) - (The Consul at Rome: The Civil Functions of the Consuls in the Roman Republic ) Cambridge University Press, 24 Feb 2011 ISBN 1139495992 (2015-04-04 )(ed. used p.1-3 to identify nature of < consulship >)〕 Sometime during the 2nd century AD (117 to 120 AD) while in Epirus, ''probably'' Nicopolis, Arrian attended lectures of Epictetus of Nicopolis, and proceeded within a time to fall into pupillage of him, a fact attested to by Lucian. All that is known about the life of Epictetus is due to Arrian, in that Arrian left a ''Encheiridion'' (''Handbook'') of Epictetus' philosophy. After Epirus he went to Athens, while there he became known as the ''young Xenophon'', as a consequence of the similarity of his relation to Epictetus as Xenophon had to Socrates. 〔〔〔Oxford Dictionnaries - ( attest ) , (pupilage ) ''Oxford University Press'' (2015-04-05 )〕〔 For a period, some time about 126 AD, a friend of the emperor Hadrian, who appointed him to the Senate. First ''consul suffectus'', during 132 AD (''Howatson'' shows 131) he was made prefect or legate (governor) of Cappadocia,by Hadrian, a service he continued for a six-year duration. When he retired, Arrian went to live in Athens, where he became ''archon'' sometime during 145 or 146 (EJ chinnock shows, ''he retired to Nicomedia and was appointed priest to Demeter and Persephone while there''). He died in the reign of Emperor Marcus Aurelius. 〔〔〔〔〔〔 Arrian referred to himself as ''the second Xenophon'', on account of the reputation and esteem of him. Lucian stated him to be: 〔Peter Beckford (... perhaps, the writing is slightly illegible) or ''a Country Squire'' - ( Essays on Hunting. Containing a philosophical enquiry into the nature and properties of the scent; observations on ... hounds ... also directions for the choice of a hunter, etc. ,extracted from “An Essay on Hunting, by a Country Squire,” published in 1733., With Six letters upon Hunting” by J. S. Gardiner., With an introduction by the editor, W. Blane etc. - p.xvii ) Southampton T.Baker and others 1781 (2015-04-02 )(ed. this source not the first source for ed. of this factor)〕〔 this quality is identified as paideia ( παιδεια ) which is the quality considered to be of one who is known as an educated and learned personage,id est, one who is highly esteemed and important. 〔〔definitions of ''paideia'' - (Merriam-Webster ) , (University Press ) (2015-04-05 )〕〔Werner Jaeger - formerly of Harvard University and the Institute for Classical Studies (translated by Gilbert Highet)- (Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture: II. In Search of the Divine Centre ) ''Volume 2 of Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture'' Oxford University Press, 23 Oct 1986 (reprint - 1st published 1943) ISBN 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arrian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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